The maximum distortion criterion (also von Mises yield criterion) states that yielding of a ductile material begins when the second invariant of deviatoric stress reaches a critical value. It is a part of plasticity theory that mostly applies to ductile materials, such as some metals. Prior to yield, material response can be assumed to be of a nonlinear elastic, viscoelastic, or linear elastic ...
Stress, either physiological, biological, or psychological is an organism's response to a stressor such as an environmental condition. Stress is the body's method of reacting to a condition such as a threat, challenge or physical and psychological barrier. Stimuli that alter an organism's environment are responded to by multiple systems in the body. In humans and most …
In materials science and solid mechanics, residual stresses are stresses that remain in a solid material after the original cause of the stresses has been removed. Residual stress may be desirable or undesirable. For example, laser peening imparts deep beneficial compressive residual stresses into metal components such as turbine engine fan blades, and it is used in …
Materials fatigue performance is commonly characterized by an S-N curve, also known as a Wöhler curve.This is often plotted with the cyclic stress (S) against the cycles to failure (N) on a logarithmic scale.S-N curves are derived from tests on samples of the material to be characterized (often called coupons or specimens) where a regular sinusoidal stress is applied by a testing …
In materials science, work hardening, also known as strain hardening, is the strengthening of a metal or polymer by plastic deformation.Work hardening may be desirable, undesirable, or inconsequential, depending on the context. This strengthening occurs because of dislocation movements and dislocation generation within the crystal structure of the material.
Gay-Lussac's law (also referred to as Amonton's law [citation needed]) states that the pressure of a given mass of gas varies directly with the absolute temperature of the gas when the volume is kept constant. Mathematically, it can be written as: =.It is a special case of the ideal gas law. Gay-Lussac is recognized for the Pressure Law which established that the pressures of an …
The critical resolved shear stress for single crystals is defined by Schmid’s law τ CRSS =σ y /m, where σ y is the yield strength of the single crystal and m is the Schmid factor. The Schmid factor comprises two variables λ and φ, defining the angle between the slip plane direction and the tensile force applied, and the angle between the ...
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Tensile strength - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Tensile strength is a measurement of the force required to pull something such as rope, wire, or a structural beam to the point where it breaks.. The tensile strength of a material is the maximum amount of tensile stress that it can take before failure, for example breaking.. There are three typical definitions of tensile strength: Yield strength - The stress a material can withstand …
Significant stress may exist even when deformation is negligible or non-existent (a common assumption when modeling the flow of water). Stress may exist in the absence of external forces; such built-in stress is important, for example, in prestressed concrete and tempered glass.Stress may also be imposed on a material without the application of net forces, for example by …