Conciergerie - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conciergerie
Gallo-Roman fortress to Royal Palace (1st to 10th century AD)[edit] Gallo-Roman fortress to Royal Palace (1st to 10th century AD)[] In the 1st-3rd century AD, the became part of the Gallo-Roman city of , on the opposite bank of the Seine. The island was surrounded by a wall, and a fortress of the Roman governor was built at the west end of the island. The Merovingian king installed his capital there, on the site of the Roman fortress. from 508 until his death in 511. The monarchs moved their capital out of the city, but at the end of the 10th century, under , Paris became the capital of the Kingdom of the Franks. He constructed a large new fortified residence, the , on the same site.15th-18th century[edit] 15th-18th century[] Conciergier (top left) in the 16th c., drawn by Palais de la Cité in 1615 Grand Hall of the Palais de la Cité (1560 - destroyed in 17th c.) Meeting of the in the Grand Chamber (1715) Without the king as a permanent resident, the buildings underwent many changes to fit its judicial and prison role. had the Chamber des Comptes reconstructed, and redecorated the Grand Chamber, used by the . A flood of the Seine in the winter of 1689-1690 caused important damage to the lower building, while a fire in 1737 destroyed the Chamber des Comptes. It was rebuilt by . Another fire within the palace in 1776 caused even greater damage, reaching the chamber of the King, the gallery of merchants, and the main tower. The reconstruction following the 1776 fire added new cells to the ground level of the Conciergerie, and replaced the 12th century oratory with the present Chapel.19th century to present[edit] 19th century to present[] Conciergerie under reconstruction - 1857-58 (Musée Carnavalet) Interior of Conciergerie in 1936 After the in 1814 (and again in 1815, after the reign of Napoleon Bonaparte, the Conciergerie returned to its role as a courthouse and prison. Its prisoners included , one of Napoleon's Generals, who was sentenced there for breaking an oath to King and joining Napoleon's army at ; , leader the Breton royalist uprising. and the anarchist . Later prisoners included the future , who was tried there in 1840 after a failed attempt to seize power, and sentenced to prison for life in the prison of Ham, from which he escaped.
Beginning in 1812, the palace and portions of the Conciergerie were restored and rebuilt by architect A.M. Peyrle. His additions included the memorial chapel to Marie-Antoinette in the Conciergerie. In 1847, work began on an enlarged Palace of Justice, with a new Court of Summary Jurisdiction placed between the Silver Tower and the Tour Bombec. In 1862 the Conciergerie was granted the status of an historical monument, though it still continued to be used as a prison. Between 1847 and 1871 the architects Joseph Louis Duc and Étienne Thédore Dommey built a new facade for the Ministry of Justice, facing the Boulevard du Palais; built a new building for the Correctional Police; reconstructed the historic Salle des Pas-Perdus and restored the clock tower, and built a new building next to the Conciergerie for the . At the same time they went to work restoring the medieval halls of the Conciergerie, and in 1870 raised the height of the clock tower. Their work was interrupted by the uprising of the in 1871. In the final days of the Commune, the Communards set fire to the new Palais de Justice, badly damaging the interiors. Restoration and Reconstruction lasted for another twenty years. The Palace was finally completed with the finishing of the Tribunal Correctionnel between 1904 and 1914. Some sections of the Conciergerie were opened to tourist visits in 1914. The Prison continued to function until 1934, when it was definitively closed.
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